Tuesday, October 4, 2016

PubMed Update September 2016

15 papers this month.

Dodington J, Violano P, Baum CR, Bechtel K.
Pediatr Res. 2016 Sep 27. doi: 10.1038/pr.2016.193. [Epub ahead of print] Review.
Comment: Review of safety efforts in public health.

Behar E, Rowe C, Santos GM, Murphy S, Coffin PO.
Ann Fam Med. 2016 Sep;14(5):431-6. doi: 10.1370/afm.1972.
Comment: This is a partner paper to the study results reported a couple of months ago. Mixed methods interviews with 60 randomly selected patients on longterm opioid therapy for chronic pain who had been prescribed naloxone. The co-prescribing effort reached a population that was not really accessing naloxone through other community distribution sites in San Francisco. Some reported improved safety with opioids since receiving naloxone and none reported more high-risk use behaviors. About half of those who had overdosed denied “overdose” and described it as a bad reaction.

Dunn KE, Barrett FS, Yepez-Laubach C, Meyer AC, Hruska BJ, Petrush K, Berman S, Sigmon SC, Fingerhood M, Bigelow GE.
J Subst Abuse Treat. 2016 Dec;71:1-7.
Comment: Can’t access the paper, but the abstract suggests higher rates of overdose among rural drug users versus urban, while there were fewer overdose risk behaviors among rural users (potentially raising concerns about our risk behaviors, which were retrospectively developed).

Scott N, Carrotte ER, Higgs P, Cogger S, Stoové MA, Aitken CK, Dietze PM.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2016 Sep 11;168:140-146. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.08.638. [Epub ahead of print]
Comment: People who inject drugs have more psychological distress than the general population. Not surprised that intentional overdose (i.e. suicide attempt) is associated with psychological distress.

Klar SA, Brodkin E, Gibson E, Padhi S, Predy C, Green C, Lee V.
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2016 Sep 23;65(37):1015-1016. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6537a6.
Comment: Fentanyl in crack. Ugh.


Ottawa (ON): Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health; 2016 Sep 02.
Comment: Buprenorphine is safe, effective, and cost-effective compared to methadone.

Dunn KE, Barrett FS, Fingerhood M, Bigelow GE.
Pain Med. 2016 Sep 20. pii: pnw228. [Epub ahead of print]
Comment: Not enough of these type of studies – addressing opioid overdose experience and knowledge among patients on opioids for chronic pain. 19% had a lifetime history of opioid overdose – similar to the study #2 above, although that study found that number to double when patients were asked about “bad reactions” that were characterized by not breathing or not being able to be woken up without help after using opioids.

Davis CS, Burris S, Beletsky L, Binswanger I.
Subst Abus. 2016 Sep 20:0. [Epub ahead of print]
Comment: There is no particular liability in prescribing naloxone.

El Burai Félix S, Mack KA, Jones CM.
P R Health Sci J. 2016 Sep;35(3):165-9.
Comment: Interesting that overdose deaths aren’t increasing as Rx opioid distribution is increasing. Hmm.

Berlin J.
Tex Med. 2016 Sep 1;112(9):49-54.
Comment: Standing orders for naloxone in Texas.

Fife A, Postier A, Flood A, Friedrichsdorf SJ.
J Opioid Manag. 2016 May-Jun;12(2):123-30. doi: 10.5055/jom.2016.0324.
Comment: When we convert people from one opioid to another we use conversion ratios. When converting to methadone, kids were very under-dosed.

Easterling KW, Mack KA, Jones CM.
J Safety Res. 2016 Sep;58:105-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2016.07.004. Epub 2016 Aug 7.
Comment: Most overdose deaths occur at home, more so for prescription opioid deaths.

McAuley A, Bouttell J, Barnsdale L, Mackay D, Lewsey J, Hunter C, Robinson M.
Addiction. 2016 Sep 10. doi: 10.1111/add.13602. [Epub ahead of print]
Comment: Naloxone distribution was not associated with a reduction in ambulances attending opioid overdoses. There could be other explanations for this, but the authors believe it suggests that people call for emergency medical assistance just as often when naloxone is available as when it is not.

Elzey MJ, Fudin J, Edwards ES.
Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2016 Sep 16:1-14. [Epub ahead of print]
Comment: Hmm ... an unambiguous endorsement - that nothing but the auto-injector should be used - coming from the makers of the auto-injector.

Mohr AL, Friscia M, Papsun D, Kacinko SL, Buzby D, Logan BK.
J Anal Toxicol. 2016 Sep 1. [Epub ahead of print]
Comment: Synthetic opioids. Harrumph.


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